Journal: Frontiers in Plant Science

Article Title: Application of Synthetic Peptide CEP1 Increases Nutrient Uptake Rates Along Plant Roots

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.793145

Figure Lengend Snippet: Macronutrient stress responsive expression of CEP1 and effects of synthetic peptides on root system architecture in Medicago truncatula . (A) Relative MtCEP1 transcript abundance in M. truncatula seedling roots deprived of a specific macronutrient for 48 h. Transcript levels were measured by qRT-PCR, normalized to two housekeeping genes, UBC and PTB , and expressed relative to the level of MtCEP1 transcript at full Nitrogen (Full N, 6 mM Nitrogen). Data are averages of three biological replicates in each case. Error bars represent SEM. Student’s t -test * p < 0.05. Note no MtCEP1 transcripts were detected in two biological replicates under low-P and low-S treatments. MtCEP1 was not detected under full N conditions. (B) Sequences of peptides used in this study. Magenta indicates amino acid residues conserved between all three sequences and blue represents residues conserved between AtCEP1 and MtCEP1D1. Prolines in the 4th and 11th positions of each peptide were hydroxylated. (C) Representative root scans showing change in root architecture of M. truncatula Jemalong A17 seedlings treated with 1 μM peptide compared to no peptide controls. (D) Effect of 1 μM peptide application on lateral root number in M. truncatula Jemalong A17 seedlings 7 days post germination. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The SSP, CEP1 (C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE) enhanced nitrate uptake rate per unit root length in Medicago truncatula plants deprived of N in the high-affinity transport range.

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Comparison

Journal: Frontiers in Plant Science

Article Title: Application of Synthetic Peptide CEP1 Increases Nutrient Uptake Rates Along Plant Roots

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.793145

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synthetic CEP1 peptides enhance uptake of nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula . (A) Specific nutrient uptake rates of nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in A. thaliana in the presence or absence of the synthetic AtCEP1 peptide at a concentration of 1 μM. (B) Uptake rate of nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in Medicago truncatula in the presence of synthetic AtCEP1 and MtCEP1 peptide domain 1 at a concentration of 1 μM. Student’s t -test * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. n = 5–6 per treatment.

Article Snippet: The SSP, CEP1 (C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE) enhanced nitrate uptake rate per unit root length in Medicago truncatula plants deprived of N in the high-affinity transport range.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Plant Science

Article Title: Application of Synthetic Peptide CEP1 Increases Nutrient Uptake Rates Along Plant Roots

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.793145

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differential gene expression analysis (A) Venn diagram showing number of differentially expressed genes following application of AtCEP1p and MtCEP1 peptide domain 1 and 2 in M. truncatula (FC > 1.5, p < 0.05). Shared genes are indicated in the overlapping region between peptide treatments. Corresponding histogram shows the total number of DEGs. (B) Histogram showing the top twenty significantly enriched GO terms in up and down-regulated genes ( q < 0.05). (C) Heatmap of putative nitrate and sulfate transporter genes affected by MtCEP1D1, MtCEP1D2, and AtCEP1 peptide treatment in M. truncatula (FC > 1.5, p < 0.05, diagonal line indicates statistically insignificant value). (D) Comparative analysis of CEP1-responsive kinases and transcription factor genes in M. truncatula (log2FC > 1.5, p < 0.05, diagonal line indicates statistically insignificant value). Average values of three biological replicates are represented. TF stands for transcription factor.

Article Snippet: The SSP, CEP1 (C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE) enhanced nitrate uptake rate per unit root length in Medicago truncatula plants deprived of N in the high-affinity transport range.

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: Frontiers in Plant Science

Article Title: Application of Synthetic Peptide CEP1 Increases Nutrient Uptake Rates Along Plant Roots

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.793145

Figure Lengend Snippet: Macronutrient stress responsive expression of CEP1 and effects of synthetic peptides on root system architecture in Medicago truncatula . (A) Relative MtCEP1 transcript abundance in M. truncatula seedling roots deprived of a specific macronutrient for 48 h. Transcript levels were measured by qRT-PCR, normalized to two housekeeping genes, UBC and PTB , and expressed relative to the level of MtCEP1 transcript at full Nitrogen (Full N, 6 mM Nitrogen). Data are averages of three biological replicates in each case. Error bars represent SEM. Student’s t -test * p < 0.05. Note no MtCEP1 transcripts were detected in two biological replicates under low-P and low-S treatments. MtCEP1 was not detected under full N conditions. (B) Sequences of peptides used in this study. Magenta indicates amino acid residues conserved between all three sequences and blue represents residues conserved between AtCEP1 and MtCEP1D1. Prolines in the 4th and 11th positions of each peptide were hydroxylated. (C) Representative root scans showing change in root architecture of M. truncatula Jemalong A17 seedlings treated with 1 μM peptide compared to no peptide controls. (D) Effect of 1 μM peptide application on lateral root number in M. truncatula Jemalong A17 seedlings 7 days post germination. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: In contrast, the CEP1 peptides had no effect on ammonium or potassium uptake rates in Medicago truncatula ( ).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Comparison

Journal: Frontiers in Plant Science

Article Title: Application of Synthetic Peptide CEP1 Increases Nutrient Uptake Rates Along Plant Roots

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.793145

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synthetic CEP1 peptides enhance uptake of nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula . (A) Specific nutrient uptake rates of nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in A. thaliana in the presence or absence of the synthetic AtCEP1 peptide at a concentration of 1 μM. (B) Uptake rate of nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate in Medicago truncatula in the presence of synthetic AtCEP1 and MtCEP1 peptide domain 1 at a concentration of 1 μM. Student’s t -test * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. n = 5–6 per treatment.

Article Snippet: In contrast, the CEP1 peptides had no effect on ammonium or potassium uptake rates in Medicago truncatula ( ).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Plant Science

Article Title: Application of Synthetic Peptide CEP1 Increases Nutrient Uptake Rates Along Plant Roots

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.793145

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differential gene expression analysis (A) Venn diagram showing number of differentially expressed genes following application of AtCEP1p and MtCEP1 peptide domain 1 and 2 in M. truncatula (FC > 1.5, p < 0.05). Shared genes are indicated in the overlapping region between peptide treatments. Corresponding histogram shows the total number of DEGs. (B) Histogram showing the top twenty significantly enriched GO terms in up and down-regulated genes ( q < 0.05). (C) Heatmap of putative nitrate and sulfate transporter genes affected by MtCEP1D1, MtCEP1D2, and AtCEP1 peptide treatment in M. truncatula (FC > 1.5, p < 0.05, diagonal line indicates statistically insignificant value). (D) Comparative analysis of CEP1-responsive kinases and transcription factor genes in M. truncatula (log2FC > 1.5, p < 0.05, diagonal line indicates statistically insignificant value). Average values of three biological replicates are represented. TF stands for transcription factor.

Article Snippet: In contrast, the CEP1 peptides had no effect on ammonium or potassium uptake rates in Medicago truncatula ( ).

Techniques: Gene Expression